Transformation Means- to change the form. Sentence के अर्थ को न बदल कर केवल उसके form को बदलना ही Transformation कहलाता है।
Sentences containing Adverb ‘too’
1. ‘too’ के बाद Adjective और Adjective के बाद Infinitive का प्रयोग। जैसे- Rajesh is too fat to run.
2. ‘too’ के बाद Adjective का प्रयोग। जैसे- Rajesh is too fat.
2. Adjective के बाद that का प्रयोग करते हैं। तत्पश्चात Subject के अनुसार Pronoun, he, she, it, they, I या we का प्रयोग करते हैं।
3. ‘to’ को हटकर Present Tense के वाक्य में can not तथा Past Tense के वाक्य में could not का प्रयोग करते हैं।
[..… + so + adj. + that + pronoun of subject + can/could + not + verb ……]
1. Rajesh is too fat to run.
Rajesh is so fat that he cannot run.
2. His eyes are too weak to read newspaper.
His eyes are so weak that he cannot read newspaper.
3. The car is too costly to be purchased.
The car is so costly that it cannot be purchased.
4. Her brother is too proud to listen to me.
Her brother is so proud that he will not listen to me.
2. ‘too’ के बाद Adjective लेकिन Adjective के बाद Infinitive का प्रयोग न हुआ हो तो-
2. Adverb ‘too’ को हटाकर ‘too’ के बाद आए हुये Adjective या Adverb को Comparative Degree में कर देते हैं।
He is richer than he should be.
2. My uncle was too happy.
My uncle is happier than he should have been.
Interchange of Affirmative and Negative Sentences
Affirmative to Negative
Affirmative Sentence को Negative में बदलने के लिए Affirmative Sentence के Positive Verb/Adverb/Adjective/Pronoun को Negative में बदल देते हैं।
For exampleNegative: She never tells lies.
2. Affirmative: She is happy.
Negative: She is not unhappy.
3. Affirmative: They won the game.
Negative: They did not lose the game.
4. Affirmative: He finished his homework.
Negative: He did not fail to finish his homework.
5. Affirmative: I have seen that movie.
Negative: I have not failed to see that movie.
6. Affirmative: We went to the park.
Negative: We did not fail to go to the park.
7. Affirmative: The cat is sleeping.
Negative: The cat is not awake.
Negative to Affirmative
Affirmative: They are dissatisfied with the results.
2. Negative: He doesn't like spicy food.
Affirmative: He dislikes spicy food.
3. Negative: We didn't find the solution.
Affirmative: We failed to find the solution.
4. Negative: She isn't interested in politics.
Affirmative: She is disinterested in politics.
5. Negative: They aren't happy with their performance.
Affirmative: They are unhappy with their performance.
Interchange of Assertive and Interrogative Sentences
Assertive to Interrogative Sentences
2. Assertive Sentence यदि Negative हो तो उसे Interrogative Sentence में बदल देते हैं।
3. वाक्य के अंत में “?” लगा देते हैं।
Interrogative: Does she not like ice cream?
2. Assertive: They have finished their homework.
Interrogative: Have they not finished their homework?
3. Assertive: He is not studying for the exam.
Interrogative: Is he studying for the exam?
4. Assertive: We went to the beach yesterday.
Interrogative: Did we not go to the beach yesterday?
5. Assertive: You enjoy playing basketball.
Interrogative: Do you not enjoy playing basketball?
6. Assertive: She has not seen that movie before.
Interrogative: Has she seen that movie before?
7. Assertive: You like chocolate ice cream.
Interrogative: Do you not like chocolate ice cream?
Interrogative to Assertive Sentences
2. Interrogative Sentence यदि Negative हो तो उसे Assertive के Affirmative Sentence में बदल देते हैं ।
For example
Assertive: It is not raining outside.
2. Interrogative: Are you going to the party?
Assertive: You are not going to the party.
3. Interrogative: Can you not pass me the salt?
Assertive: You can pass me the salt.
4. Interrogative: Did she not complete the assignment?
Assertive: She completed the assignment.
5. Interrogative: Will they arrive on time?
Assertive: They will not arrive on time.
6. Interrogative: Have you finished your homework?
Assertive: You have not finished your homework.
7. Interrogative: Does he not speak French fluently?
Assertive: He speaks French fluently.
8. Interrogative: Are they enjoying their vacation?
Assertive: They are not enjoying their vacation.
Interchange of Exclamatory and Assertive Sentences
Exclamatory to Assertive Sentences
यदि Exclamatory Sentence, ‘Hurrah’ से प्रारम्भ हो तो Assertive Sentence को ‘It is a matter of joy’ से शुरू करते हैं। Ex. 11
यदि Exclamatory Sentence, ‘Bravo’ से प्रारम्भ हो तो Assertive Sentence को ‘It is a matter of praise’ से शुरू करते हैं। Ex. 12
Assertive: This cake is very delicious.
2. Exclamatory: What an amazing performance!
Assertive: The performance is very amazing.
3. Exclamatory: What a fantastic view!
Assertive: The view is very fantastic.
4. Exclamatory: How incredible his talent is!
Assertive: His talent is very incredible.
5. Exclamatory: What a lovely gift!
Assertive: The gift is very lovely.
6. Exclamatory: What a stunning dress she is wearing!
Assertive: She is wearing a very stunning dress.
7. Exclamatory: How impressive their teamwork is!
Assertive: Their teamwork is very impressive.
8. Exclamatory: If only I could see my friend!
Assertive: I wish that I could see my friend.
9. Exclamatory: Would that my friends were safe!
Assertive: I wish that my friends were safe.
10. Exclamatory: Alas! He is no more.
Assertive: It is a matter of sorrow that he is no more.
11. Exclamatory: Hurrah! We won the match.
Assertive: It is a matter of joy that we won the match.
12. Exclamatory: Bravo! You did well in the competition.
Assertive: It is a matter of praise that you did well in the competition.
Assertive to Exclamatory Sentences
Note: By Reversing the rule of Exclamatory to Assertive Sentences
For example
Exclamatory: What a fantastic view!
2. Assertive: This cake is very delicious.
Exclamatory: How delicious this cake is!
3. Assertive: The gift is very lovely.
Exclamatory: What a lovely gift!
4. Assertive: She is wearing a very stunning dress.
Exclamatory: What a stunning dress she is wearing!
5. Assertive: Their teamwork is very impressive.
Exclamatory: How impressive their teamwork is!
6. Assertive: I wish that I could see my friend.
Exclamatory: If only I could see my friend!
7. Assertive: I wish that my friends were safe.
Exclamatory: Would that my friends were safe!
8. Assertive: It is a matter of sorrow that he is no more.
Exclamatory: Alas! He is no more.
9. Assertive: It is a matter of joy that we won the match.
Exclamatory: Hurrah! We won the match.
10. Assertive: It is a matter of praise that you did well in the competition.
Exclamatory: Bravo! You did well in the competition.
Interchange of Degrees of Comparison
She is as tall as her sister.
Her sister is not so tall as she.
Superlative Degree: इसकाउपयोग दो से अधिक चीजों की तुलना करने के लिए किया जाता है, यह दर्शाता है कि किसी के पास गुणवत्ता का उच्चतम या निम्नतम स्तर है। यह Adjective मे ‘est’ जोड़कर या Adjective से पहले ‘most’ का उपयोग करके बनाया जाता है। Superlative Degree से पहले Definite Article ‘the’ का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे- She is the tallest girl in the class.
Positive Degree:
Comparative: The sky is bluer than the ocean.
Superlative: The sky is the bluest.
2. Her peers are not so intelligent as she.
Comparative: She is more intelligent than her peers.
Superlative: She is the most intelligent.
3. The movie is as interesting as the book.
Comparative: The book is not more interesting than the movie.
4. The cat is as playful as the dog.
Comparative: The dog is not more playful than the cat.
5. His brother is as tall as he.
Comparative: He is not taller than his brother.
6. No other flower is so beautiful as this flower in the garden.
Comparative: This flower is more beautiful than the others in the garden.
Superlative: This flower is the most beautiful flower in the garden.
7. The tea is as hot as the coffee.
Comparative: The coffee is not hotter than the tea.
Comparative Degree:
Positive: The moon is not so hot as the sun.
2. She is taller than her sisters.
Positive: Her sisters are not so tall as she.
Superlative: She is the tallest among her sisters.
3. The red car is not faster than the blue car.
Positive: The blue car is faster than the red car.
4. This house is bigger than the previous one.
Positive: The previous house is not so big as this one.
5. He is not more diligent than his brothers.
Positive: His brothers are as diligent as he.
Superlative: He is not the most diligent.
6. The red dress is prettier than the blue dress.
Positive: The blue dress is not so pretty as the red dress.
7. This movie is more entertaining than the last one.
Positive: The last movie is not so entertaining as this one.
Superlative Degree:
Comparative: The sun is hotter than any other star in our solar system.
2. She is the tallest person in her family.
Positive: No other person is so tall as she in her family.
Comparative: She is taller than any other person in her family.
3. This book is the most interesting one I've ever read.
Positive: I've never read any book so interesting as this one.
Comparative: This book is more interesting than any other book I've read.
4. This house is the biggest one in the neighborhood.
Positive: No house is so big as this one in the neighborhood.
Comparative: This house is bigger than any other house in the neighborhood.
5. He is the most talented musician in the band.
Positive: No one is so talented as he, in the band.
Comparative: He is more talented than any other in the band.
Simple to Complex Sentence
Simple Sentence के किसी एक शब्द (Word) या वाक्यांश (Phrase) को Subordinate Clause बनाकर Simple Sentence को Complex Sentence में बदल देते हैं। Subordinate Clause तीन प्रकार के होते हैं- Noun, Adjective और Adverb Subordinate Clause.
Noun Subordinate Clause के द्वारा
1. Simple: He knows the answer.
2. Simple: They doubt his intentions.
Complex: They doubt what his intentions are.
3. Simple: She believes his story.
Complex: She believes what his story entails.
4. Simple: We can't predict the outcome.
Complex: We can't predict what the outcome will be.
5. Simple: He understands the importance of education.
Complex: He understands why education is important.
Adjective Subordinate Clause के द्वारा
Complex: She lives in a house that is small.
2. Simple: I bought the recommended book.
Complex: I bought the book that was recommended.
3. Simple: The girl has a red dress.
Complex: The girl has a dress that is red in color.
4. Simple: He is an incredibly talented musician.
Complex: He is a musician who is incredibly talented.
5. Simple: They visited a worldwide famous landmark.
Complex: They visited a landmark that is famous worldwide.
6. Simple: The car belongs to my nearby friend.
Complex: The car belongs to my friend who lives nearby.
7. Simple: We saw a highly recommended movie by critics.
Complex: We saw a movie that was highly recommended by critics.
8. Simple: I met an incredibly helpful and friendly person.
Complex: I met a person who was incredibly helpful and friendly.
9. Simple: The house needs extensive and costly repairs.
Complex: The house needs repairs that are extensive and costly.
10. Simple: She received a beautifully wrapped gift.
Complex: She received a gift that was beautifully wrapped.
Adverb Subordinate Clause के द्वारा
1. Simple: She runs faster than anybody.
2. Simple: They studied hard to pass the exam.
Complex: They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.
3. Simple: He completed his work before the time.
Complex: He completed his work before the time finished.
4. Simple: We go swimming in the warm weather.
Complex: We go swimming whenever the weather is warm.
5. Simple: He left early for an appointment.
Complex: He left early because he had an appointment.
6. Simple: They walked silently without being noticed.
Complex: They walked silently as if they didn't want to be noticed.
7. Simple: She spoke confidently on the well-knowing topic.
Complex: She spoke confidently because she knew the topic well.
8. Simple: They waited patiently till arriving at the bus.
Complex: They waited patiently until the bus arrived.
9. Simple: He drives carefully to avoid accidents.
Complex: He drives carefully so that he can avoid accidents.
Complex to Simple Sentence
Complex Sentence के किसी Subordinate Clause को Noun, Adjective या Adverb बनाकर Complex Sentence को Simple Sentence में बदल देते हैं।
By reducing a Noun Clause
Simple: He knows the answer.
2. Complex: They doubt what his intentions are.
Simple: They doubt his intentions.
3. Complex: She believes what his story entails.
Simple: She believes his story.
4. Complex: We can't predict what the outcome will be.
Simple: We can't predict the outcome.
5. Complex: He understands why education is important.
Simple: He understands the importance of education.
By reducing an Adjective Clause
Simple: The girl has a red dress.
2. Complex: He is a musician who is incredibly talented.
Simple: He is an incredibly talented musician.
3. Complex: They visited a landmark that is famous worldwide.
Simple: They visited a worldwide famous landmark.
4. Complex: The car belongs to my friend who lives nearby.
Simple: The car belongs to my nearby friend.
5. Complex: We saw a movie that was highly recommended by critics.
Simple: We saw a highly recommended movie by critics.
By reducing an Adverb Clause
1. Complex: They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.
2. Complex: He completed his work before the time finished.
Simple: He completed his work before the time.
3. Complex: He left early because he had an appointment.
Simple: He left early for an appointment.
4. Complex: We go swimming whenever the weather is warm.
Simple: We go swimming in the warm weather.
5. Complex: He left early because he had an appointment.
Simple: He left early for an appointment.
Simple to Compound Sentence
Simple Sentence में प्रयुक्त Actions को Co-ordinate Clauses में बदलकर Simple Sentence को Compound Sentence में बदल देते है।
For example
1. Simple: She likes to read books and stories.
Compound: She likes to read books, and she also likes to read stories.
2. Simple: He went to the store for some milk.
Compound: He went to the store, and he bought some milk.
3. Simple: They played soccer and chess too.
Compound: They played soccer, and they played chess too.
4. Simple: Having finished his work, he took breakfast.
Compound: He finished his work, and he took breakfast.
5. Simple: I enjoy hiking and camping in the mountains.
Compound: I enjoy hiking, and I also enjoy camping in the mountains.
6. Simple: Having studied hard, they found the test challenging.
Compound: They studied hard yet they found the test challenging.
7. Simple: She cooked a delicious dinner, for her friends to eat.
Compound: She cooked a delicious dinner, and her friends had it.
8. Simple: He plays the guitar and piano.
Compound: He plays the guitar, and he also plays piano.
9. Simple: They watched a movie with ice cream.
Compound: They watched a movie, and they enjoyed ice cream too.
Compound to Simple Sentence
Note: By reversing the rule of Simple Sentence to Compound Sentence
Simple: They played soccer and chess too.
2. Compound: He finished his work, and he took breakfast.
Simple: Having finished his work, he took breakfast.
3. Compound: I enjoy hiking, and I also enjoy camping in the mountains.
Simple: I enjoy hiking and camping in the mountains.
4. Compound: They studied hard yet they found the test challenging.
Simple: Having studied hard, they found the test challenging.
5. Compound: She cooked a delicious dinner, and her friends had it.
Simple: She cooked a delicious dinner, for her friends to eat.
Compound to Complex Sentence
Compound Sentence को Complex Sentence मे बदलने के लिए Co-ordinate Clause को Subordinate Clause में बदला देते हैं।
For example
1. Compound: She studied hard, and she passed the exam.
2. Compound: I like to swim, and I enjoy playing water sports.
Complex: Because I like to swim because I enjoy playing water sports.
3. Compound: They went for a hike, and they saw breathtaking views.
Complex: They had seen breathtaking views after they went for a hike.
4. Compound: She baked a cake, and she decorated it beautifully.
Complex: She had baked a cake before she decorated it beautifully.
5. Compound: He exercised regularly, and he lost weight.
Complex: He lost weight because he exercised regularly.
6. Compound: They practiced every day, and they improved their skills.
Complex: they improved their skills because they practiced every day.
7. Compound: She saved money, and she bought a new car.
Complex: She saved money so that she could buy a new car.
8. Compound: He worked late, so he missed the movie.
Complex: He missed the movie because he worked late.
9. Compound: They trained hard, and they won the championship.
Complex: Because they trained hard, they won the championship.
10. Compound: She studied diligently, and she got excellent grades.
Complex: Because she studied diligently, she got excellent grades.
Complex to Compound Sentence
Note: By reversing the rule of Compound to Complex Sentence
For example
Compound: They went for a hike, and they saw breathtaking views.
2. Complex: She had baked a cake before she decorated it beautifully.
Compound: She baked a cake, and she decorated it beautifully.
3. Complex: He lost weight because he exercised regularly.
Compound: He exercised regularly, and he lost weight.
4. Complex: they improved their skills because they practiced every day.
Compound: They practiced every day, and they improved their skills.
5. Complex: She saved money so that she could buy a new car.
Compound: She saved money, and she bought a new car.
Interchange of Active and Passive Voice
See the article ► Active and Passive Voice
FAQs
Q1: What is sentence transformation?
A: Sentence transformation refers to the process of changing the form or structure of a sentence while retaining its original meaning. It involves various grammatical transformations such as changing the verb tense, voice, and word order or using different grammatical structures.
Q2: Why is sentence transformation important?
A: Sentence transformation helps to develop a better understanding of grammar rules, vocabulary usage, and sentence structures. It also enhances language proficiency by providing practice in expressing the same meaning in different ways.
Q3: What are the common types of sentence transformation?
A: Some common types of sentence transformation include changing active sentences to passive sentences, direct speech to indirect speech, affirmative to negative sentences, assertive to interrogative sentences, degrees of an adjective, and vice versa.
Q4: How can I transform an active sentence into a passive sentence?
A: To transform an active sentence into a passive sentence, you generally change the position of the subject and the object and use the appropriate helping verb with the past participle of the main verb. For example, "Raju built the house." (Active) can be transformed into "The house was built by Raju." (Passive).
Q5: What is the process of transforming direct speech into indirect speech?
A: When transforming direct speech into indirect speech, you typically change the tense of the verb, pronouns, and sometimes the word order. Additionally, you may need to make other changes, such as replacing "today" with "that day" or "tomorrow" with "the next day." For example, "He said, 'I am going to the movies'" (direct speech) can be transformed into "He said that he was going to the movies" (indirect speech).
Q6: How can I change an assertive sentence into an interrogative sentence?
A: To change an assertive sentence into an interrogative sentence, you usually add the word "not" after the subject (if the assertive sentence is affirmative, if it is a negative sentence, don't use 'not' in an interrogative sentence) and use the appropriate helping verb before the subject. Put the "?" at the end of the sentence. For example, "She sings well." (Affirmative) can be transformed into “Does she not sing well?" (Interrogative).
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